Optimization of Growth and Yield of Tomato Plants through the Application of NPK Fertilizer and Gibberellin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jijcs.v7i2.182Keywords:
GA3, fruit set, Servo F1, parthenocarpy, NPKAbstract
Tomato production in Indonesia has declined in recent years, one of the efforts that can be made is to implement good agricultural practices, which can be done by carrying out proper fertilization and applying growth regulators. This study aimed to determine the effect of NPK and gibberellin fertilizer applications on the growth and yield of tomato plants of the Servo F1 variety.
The study was conducted using a split-plot design where the main plot was the dose of NPK fertilizer consisting of 3 levels, namely 24 g per plant, 32 g per plant, and 40 g per plant as a subplot was the concentration of gibberellin (GA3) consisting of 3 levels, namely 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and 150 ppm. The observation data were processed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 5% level; further testing will be carried out using Tukey's 5% test if it is significant based on ANOVA. Observations were made on several growth components,
including plant height, number of branches, length of segments, and number of leaves, as well as several yield components, including total number of flowers, number of fruits formed, percentage of fruit set, weight per fruit, fruit diameter, brix, and number of seeds. The results showed that the NPK dose of 32 grams per plant and gibberellin concentration of 50 ppm provided the best growth
rate. The NPK dose of 32 grams per plant and gibberellin concentration of 100 ppm provided the best results on the Servo F1 variety tomato plants. In conclusion, applying NPK fertilizers and gibberellin can increase the growth and yield of tomato plants of the Servo F1 variety.
Downloads
References
Andianingsih, N., Rosmala, A., & Mubarok, S. (2021). The Effect of Auxin and Gibberellin on The Growth of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Var. Aichi First on Medium Plain (Vol. 3, Issue 1).
Astawa, I. N. G., Dwiyani, R., Mayadewi, N. N. A., Manulang, P. K., & Astiningsih, A. A. M. (2023). The Effect of Application of Diplazium Esculentum Leaf Extracts and GA3 on the Berry Quality of Grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) Cultivar of ‘Prabu Bestari.’ Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal, 6(2), 241–248. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v6i2.1218
BPS-Statistics Indonesia. (2024). statistik-hortikultura-2023. 5. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/06/10/790c957ba8892f9771aeefb7/statistik-hortikultura-2023.html
Casanova, L., Casanova, R., Moret, A., & Agustí, M. (n.d.). The application of gibberellic acid increases berry size of “Emperatriz” seedless grape. www.inia.es/sjarCasanova, L., Casanova, R., Moret, A., & Agustí, M. (2009). The Application of Gibberellic Acid Increases Berry Size of Emperatriz Seedless Grape. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(4), 919–927. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2009074-1105
Daroini, F., Widiwurjani, & Hidayat, R. (2023). Studi Pemberian Dosis Pupuk NPK dan Pupuk Organik Cair terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum). Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 9(1), 69. https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v12i1.7557
Dobrin, A., Nedeluș, A., Bujor, O., Moț, A., Zugravu, M., & Bădulescu, L. (2019). Nutritional Quality Parameters of the Fresh Red Tomato Varieties Cultivated in Organic System. Scientific Pappers. Series B, Horticulture, LXIII(I), 439–443.
Firdaus, R., Juanda, B. R., & Iswahyudi. (2021). Pengaruh Varietas dan Dosis Pupuk NPK Mutiara terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Cabai Merah Hibrida.
Gelmesa, D., Abebie, B., & Desalegn, L. (2010). Effects of Gibberellic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid spray on fruit yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 2(10), 316–324. https://doi.org/10.5897/JPBCS.9000046
Koisine, H. Y., Patiung, M., & Wisnujati, N. S. (2019). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Tomat di Desa Claket, Kecamatan Pacet, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Journal Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, 19(1), 53–66. https://journal.uwks.ac.id/index.php/sosioagribis/article/viewFile/687/619
Muhyidin, H., Islami, T., & Dawam Maghfoer, M. (2018). The Effect of Concentration and Giving Time Gibberellin on Growth and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 6(6), 1147–1154.
Poudel, A., Duwadi, A., Acharya, A., Gyawali, P., Bhatt, R., Gautam, S., & Srivastava, A. (2020). Effect of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Growth and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Journal of the Institute of Andianingsih, N., Rosmala, A., & Mubarok, S. (2021). The Effect of Auxin and Gibberellin on The Growth of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Var. Aichi First on Medium Plain (Vol. 3, Issue 1).
Astawa, I. N. G., Dwiyani, R., Mayadewi, N. N. A., Manulang, P. K., & Astiningsih, A. A. M. (2023). The Effect of Application of Diplazium Esculentum Leaf Extracts and GA3 on the Berry Quality of Grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) Cultivar of ‘Prabu Bestari.’ Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal, 6(2), 241–248. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v6i2.1218
BPS-Statistics Indonesia. (2024). statistik-hortikultura-2023. 5. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/06/10/790c957ba8892f9771aeefb7/statistik-hortikultura-2023.html
Casanova, L., Casanova, R., Moret, A., & Agustí, M. (n.d.). The application of gibberellic acid increases berry size of “Emperatriz” seedless grape. www.inia.es/sjar
Casanova, L., Casanova, R., Moret, A., & Agustí, M. (2009). The Application of Gibberellic Acid Increases Berry Size of Emperatriz Seedless Grape. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(4), 919–927. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2009074-1105
Daroini, F., Widiwurjani, & Hidayat, R. (2023). Studi Pemberian Dosis Pupuk NPK dan Pupuk Organik Cair terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum). Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 9(1), 69. https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v12i1.7557
Dobrin, A., Nedeluș, A., Bujor, O., Moț, A., Zugravu, M., & Bădulescu, L. (2019). Nutritional Quality Parameters of the Fresh Red Tomato Varieties Cultivated in Organic System. Scientific Pappers. Series B, Horticulture, LXIII(I), 439–443.
Firdaus, R., Juanda, B. R., & Iswahyudi. (2021). Pengaruh Varietas dan Dosis Pupuk NPK Mutiara terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Cabai Merah Hibrida.
Gelmesa, D., Abebie, B., & Desalegn, L. (2010). Effects of Gibberellic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid spray on fruit yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 2(10), 316–324. https://doi.org/10.5897/JPBCS.9000046
Koisine, H. Y., Patiung, M., & Wisnujati, N. S. (2019). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Tomat di Desa Claket, Kecamatan Pacet, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Journal Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, 19(1), 53–66. https://journal.uwks.ac.id/index.php/sosioagribis/article/viewFile/687/619
Muhyidin, H., Islami, T., & Dawam Maghfoer, M. (2018). The Effect of Concentration and Giving Time Gibberellin on Growth and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 6(6), 1147–1154.
Poudel, A., Duwadi, A., Acharya, A., Gyawali, P., Bhatt, R., Gautam, S., & Srivastava, A. (2020). Effect of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Growth and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, 161–167. https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48415
Poudel, P., Atreya, P. N., & Dahal, K. C. (2022). Effect of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on Yield and Fruit Quality of Table Grape Var. Himrod in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. In The Journal of Agriculture and Environment (Vol. 23).
Rahma, D. N., Widiwurjani, & Sukendah. (2022). Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk NPK Slow Release Lapis Humat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.32503/hijau.v7i2.2349
Rolistyo, A., Sunaryo, & Wardiyati, T. (2014). The Effect of Giberelin to Productivity Two Varieties of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 2(6), 457–463.
Sari, L. D. A., Kurniawati, E., Ningrum, R. S., & Ramadani, A. H. (2021). Kadar Vitamin C Buah Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) Tiap Fase Kematangan Berdasar Hari Setelah Tanam. Jurnal Farmasi Dan Ilmu Kefamarsian Indonesia, 8(1), 74–82. https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v8i12021.74-82
Sitompul, L. M., Padmini, O. S., & Sasmita, E. R. (2024). Aplikasi Giberelin (GA3) dan Paklobutrazol untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Jurnal Agro Wiralodra, 7(2), 48–52.
Sundahri, Tyas, H. N., & Setiyono. (2017). Efektivitas Pemberian Giberelin Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tomat. Agritrop Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 42–47. https://doi.org/10.32528/agr.v14i1.408
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 fitri ekawati, Muhammad Agil Mustafa, Nelly Oktofiya Yenti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
